The Left Hand of Darkness by Ursula K. Le Guin [1974]
Ace
323 pages
Reader Response by Matt H. [v 1.28] from
Reading Odyssey
Rating: Not entirely recommended, ambitious but often dry
Story Summary
Thousands of years in the future, humans have spread to other star systems. The civilizations of these systems have formed an organization called the
Ekkumen to promote benevolent cultural exchange and commerce between humanoid worlds. The Ekkumen has sent a single individual, according to its tradition, as Envoy to a particularly remote and ice-bound world called Gethenia. It is the task of the Envoy, Genly Ai, to encourage the inhabitants of Gethenia to become part of the Ekkumen.
Of all known humanoid races, the people of Gethenia are singular. Certain aspects of their reproductive cycles and biology are exceedingly unusual. This strangeness opens up gaps of psychological understanding between Gethenians and other humans. Also, this difference in biology means that history and culture have followed a unique path of this planet. It is an intricate civilization and rich with inscrutable considerations of honor and obligation. Though violence is not uncommon, war as a large-scale endeavor is unknown. Though they have, in many ways, an industrialized, technologically modern society, they have a different rhythm; they see no point in hurrying.
Genly has spent two years on Gethenia in the nation of Kharhide, a willfully archaic monarchy with an insecure and unstable king. He has had a chance to partly explain his mission, but there is intrigue in the kingdom. The noble, Estraven who apparently favored Genly is disgraced. Genly heads out on a journey to the rival state of Orgoreyn, stopping on the way at a monastery “fastness” to receive an oracle from Faxe, a priest of the Handratta religion. When Genly arrives in Orgoreyn at first it seems a markedly more advanced nation than Kharhide, socially and economically. But there too he discovers secrets - awful political abuses, and he meets with treachery. Some claim he is a hoax or a spy. He endures a terrible and dangerous imprisonment but is eventually rescued.
But before Genly Ai can finally complete his mission as Envoy, he must undertake an almost impossible journey with Estraven hundreds of miles across the terrible glacial ice. The future of the planet’s course is at stake. In the end, the oracular verdict of the Handratta is fulfilled.
Critical Reader Appraisal
From the first paragraph of this book, with its dry, abstract, aphoristic tone something fairly screams “this is not going to be fun!” And it’s mostly true. This is a lofty and ambitious work, and it is simply not kind to the first-time reader. Of course it’s also absolutely fair to consider the book’s large accomplishments, its charms (it does have some), and its impressive scope.
In deeply imagining a truly alien, though human, culture, the book is impressive indeed. It’s not just a detailed imagined historical evolution, but a highly plausible alien
psychology. It is all deftly re-enforced with myth and scripture, often with an admirably authentic feel. At its best, Le Guin’s prose has a stony, mystic beauty. Her short, Anglo-Saxon words, and simple sentences are pattern-made for legend and folklore. This is clearest of all in the pure myth sections. The tales told are absorbing, puzzling and fit well with the fictional culture described in the main story. They also have the peculiar strangeness of real folklore. Heroes are also anti-heroes, taboo-breakers. Events are often more strange than just wonderous, and the rules of causality are often vexed.
Lots of tantalizing resemblances to existing culture, myth and religion are apparent. One religion is non-dualist, the other about oneness -shades of Zen Buddhism and Hinduism and perhaps some Taoism too. There’s lots more -- with neat smatterings of Near, Middle and Far East political philosophies, customs and social phenomena. But perhaps most immediate is a Germanic, and Celtic myth feelings.
Shifregor in some superficial ways resembles Chivalry.
But let’s get to the not-so-good stuff. The beginning of the novel I personally found surprisingly non-engaging. That can harm a book. The story picked up some here and there, but always slid into a maddening digressiveness. I wouldn’t fault the narrative technique on it’s own. But it is more complex than usual and adds some choppiness (Two merging first person narratives, interspersed with myths and Ekkumen reports). I rather like this method in theory, the big problem was that it added a level of difficulty to an already difficult read. When you dive into this book you will be immediately smacked with a ton of fictitious words, mostly names, but some verbs and concepts too. You will also be smacked with the burden, hardest of all, of interpreting the hinted symbolic relation of fictional myth (with its own fictitious names) to a fictional mythic narrative. It’s a hec of a lot to ask a poor reader. Bluntly, am I supposed to be getting all this?
Paradoxically, for a book of so varied and apparently rich, there is also an unpleasant sterility at times. This manifests as a almost never-ending barrage of aphoristic wisdom, mini-epiphanies and deep abstractions. At times it seems there are 2 or 3 in every paragraph. It’s not bad material, but it creates a certain cumulative dryness. A writing teacher would also say—it lacks concreteness.
Almost a third of the book, is dedicated to a long journey through the polar ice regions. During that whole 100 pages, not much happens, except Estraven and the Envoy become very close personally. Surprisingly, the book begins to become a romance. Granted it’s an interesting romance and an original situation -- owning to the difference in sexual outlook of the two. But it’s rather drawn out, and gets a little mushy in its prolongation, especially within a survival story. The ice journey does have some nice descriptive passages. The prose itself is good, but it sounds much like an Antarctic explorer’s log, so it’s not particularly Sci Fi per se. It’s just like any ice journey on earth today; and again, it’s about 100 pages.
A minor stick-out was when the Envoy is asked if women are mentally inferior. He replies – I don’t know, but they don’t make good mathematicians or musicians. They’re not exactly stupid but… So the answer kinda seems like “yes”, women are mentally inferior? Oopsa-daisey. There goes the “enlightenment” of the Envoy and his squeaky-clean Ekkumen. It’s a weird passage for this otherwise inclusively-themed, empathetic-seeming book.
“Warning! For advanced readers only!” Sorry, that doesn’t fly here. This book, for all its amazing, deep imagination, its originality, its poetic prose, great use of primary sources, pithy observations, still failed for me overall as a book. With all these attributes there is still a displeasing lack of concreteness, an indulgent digressive looseness of story and parts. For a “blank-slate” reader, it’s a whole lot of work. Various beautiful rewards are certainly there, but that doesn’t mean they are beautifully integrated as a story.