Replicators and transporters are two of the silliest things in Star Trek. Most magic makes more sense. E=mc^2 and the sheer volume of information needed to accurately describe a biological thing. Some SF ideas are lazy or wishful thinking and inherently impossible.
An original version in SF of the "transporter" is in Clifford Simak's
Way Station in 1963, ST-TOS was 1966. It's really a maguffin to support the plot, though explicitly the original entity dies and "soul"/"mind" is transferred to the replica (explicit in ST-TNG). There are other SF stories predating ST-TOS, but the "transporters" are actually portals, which while unlikely aren't inherently impossible. The idea of a portal is in Celtic (maybe 2000+ yo) and Norse myth (our copies are about 700 yo) as well as later fairy stories and modern fantasy. Niven's "Known Space" stories have stepping discs (some time after 1964), but he wisely isn't specific about if they are portals or transporters or what. No known material is strong enough for a Dyson sphere or ringworld. A Kevlar space elevator might work on Mars, but no known material for Earth. You have to start at the middle at geostationary height and extend both ways. Then issue of anchor bottom (on the Equator). Even if a material existed, the building launch cost makes the idea doubtful.
SF is mostly entertainment, not blueprints for the future.
The ST-TOS transporter was because they didn't have a budget for a shuttlecraft till later.
However there are very unlikely plants and animals here on earth that most people are unfamiliar with. Many seem more alien and unlikely than Star Trek. Apparently we don't know how sunflowers track the sun. See also life cycle of eel, kangaroo sex, sugar gliders, guinea pig digestive system. Marsupials with pouch opening at bottom, horse shoe crabs, octopus, how a cashew "nut" grows and that adult coconut crabs eat birds and drown if they fall in the sea, though they start life there.
James White maybe has the most alien aliens.
You can eat darkling beetle larvae. No need to be a bird or Klingon. Strangely they can eat expanded polystyrene foam. Discovered by accident.