Odd John by Olaf Stapledon (1935)
DoverBooks
157 pages (small print)
Reader Response by Matt H. [v 2.1] from
Reading Odyssey
Rating: Not Recommended
Story Summary [ *** WARNING! SPOILERS! ***]
A journalist decides to write the biography of an exceedingly unusual child that he has known from birth. Odd John is born to a fairly ordinary English household, but he is seemingly not quite human. Physically he has enormous eyes and pupils as well as other strange characteristics. Mentally, John is far more than a prodigy; he is a type of unearthly super-genius. Even as an infant John is a master manipulator of others. The narrator admits to the superior intellect and wisdom of John and he remains his unshakably loyal servant throughout the entire story.
As John grows he becomes ever more powerful. He also undergoes moral trials, including one of lethal violence. While still a child, he employs his immense wiles and seductive charms to enter into every aspect of British society – business, politics, religion, etc. Thus he samples the minds and lives of many different people, high and low and becomes even more wise about humanity. He also uses his super abilities in engineering and invention and, with the narrator’s help, amasses a fortune by a very early age. And his spiritual quest continues.
Soon it is revealed that he indeed does have paranormal abilities. There are other “supernormals” like him too. He begins a quest to track down members of his “species” in order to start a colony. As he encounters them, their various stories are told. The colonist collected are pre-adolescent children. Some of them have various forms of apparent deformity or disability. But all of them are super-beings. During the voyage to their isolated island destination, the children feel they are forced to commit several more acts of murder with many victims. Once at their island they are free to live naked and dedicate themselves to scientific, spiritual and sometimes carnal pursuits for several years. However the end comes as the “sapiens” discover the island and repeatedly attempt to disband the colony. Finally the supernormal colonists decide to catastrophically end the colony and themselves.
Critical Reader Response
During the first third of the book or so, the story is interesting, though philosophically challenging. A question is posited – what would the moral and ethical outlook be for a race of super-beings born among mere mortals? Is it possible they would think of us as animals? Could we be rightfully used as such? We are confronted with a super-child and a point is made of his a-morality, arrogance and cruelty. At first an uncomfortable but original scenario is described.
Stapledon is not an unskilled writer. His words are clear, often vivid and imaginative. The action and plot are easy-to-follow, and in its broadest outlines, the story is intriguing. But the long philosophical passages are trying, and have a repetitive, haranguing quality that make them difficult to endure. A central idea in them is that modern life is hollow and bereft of true spirituality. The most extraordinary among us are actually stupid. The artistically Avant Gard are actually very conventional. It has a curious similarity to a flawed 1960’s “hippie” rant against society, with a hodge-podge of religions, suggestions of “free love”, new spirituality and supposedly progressive attitudes toward morality. Some of the points made are interesting, other less so. Largely there is a dated and topical quality to the writing's content. Parts of Stapledon’s story also bear an undisguised likeness to that of Jesus or Moses, perhaps with some tinges of New Testament apocrypha, and other scraps from East and West.
But as we read it becomes clearer - the writer is not just
describing the philosophy of John he is
proving it. He slowly takes over the interpretation of the story and begins to
tell the reader what to think. It turns out that the supernormals are a type of human mutation, though a separate species; the science is weak. Notably they are
not of extra-terrestrial origin. However it is stated unequivocally that they are
in fact superior, not just mentally but spiritually.
Once you begin to see this as a Neo-religious tract disguised as fiction, a sense of horror sinks in, and there is hardly any going back. Every word then seems deeply sinister. Is it some kind of creative background material for a
religion of justified rape and murder? One that has at its center a form of
superior worship of God, unattainable and incomprehensible, except for members of a super-race? I can honestly image Charles Manson being a fan of this book, with its pseudo-mysticism, race wars, underage sex islands and baldly justified violence.
By this review you might expect the content of the book to be overtly sensationalistic. Not in the least! Stapleton’s narrator is a conspicuously discreet, absurdly circumlocutious, progressive and enlightened advocate of amorality. He is solidly middle-class and almost comically prude.
One can see the writer at work attempting to balance the need to mitigate the outrage, and the need to make the message crystal clear. He vacillates between rubbing the reader’s face in it and excusing, normalizing, complicating, disguising and obscuring both the justified violence and the suggested child abuse. He generously peppers his work with additional weak escapes and disclaimers. One can see him apparently grooming and prepping the reader to agree that successively more horrible acts
could be justified; they
could be ok for a master-race.
As for its glaring social, neo-religious and pseudo-scientific parallels with another philosophy already in full swing and well-known by 1935, I will mention just a few. The supernormals are a superior super-race. They seek their own kind. They are not subject to normal morality and thus are justified in murder. They practice eugenics. The origin of their super gene is possibly traced to central Asia. The unique characteristics of their face and skull are emphasized. To secure their "lebensraum", they exterminate the native population. They perform murderous medical experiments, develop super weapons, and contemplate exterminating the entire species of not-really-human Homo sapiens. Any bells?
It’s possible to go into far deeper analysis of the appalling and perverted possible intentions of this narrative. There are myriad other sick suggestions, as well as racist and sexist aspects of the work ranging from the probably unconscious to the intentionally grotesque which I will not bother to mention.
Are there any alternate interpretations or viewpoints? I just can’t see any. It's black and white in the actual text. Honestly, to me this book came across as a pretty vile work of moral pornography.