English literature teachers make a big deal about Ray Bradbury when Heinlein, Clarke and Asimov are far more intellectually interesting.
Debatable. I know this because it's been debated here before.
I'm on the side of "Phooey!" It depends on what you value in fiction. When it comes to understanding the people around you, how they think and what they desire versus what they need, you'll get more nutrition from Bradbury. That remains valuable to many readers throughout their lives and is part of the explanation for writers you don't like being popular in spite of your dislike. Which works both ways and just what the heck was the adoration of Tom Clancy about?
If you want to see the interplay of science and imagination, yup, go Clarke and Asimov; even as the science dates, the imagination dealing with the variables with the best current knowledge remains relevant.
As for the "required reading" debate, of course education is indoctrination. But you can't have a shared society/culture without its components sharing some of the same experiences. You had to read
Catcher in the Rye and hated it? Great! You now have hundreds of thousands if not millions of other people who agree with you and your discussions about it will be capable of heading in hundreds of directions, all because you shared one lousy experience.
I'm on the side of offering up required reading, more I'm on the side of trying to get children to think about what they're reading because that kind of thinking then applies to what they're seeing and hearing on television, on-line, on streaming services, etc. I'm also on the side of teaching math and science, and also giving the kids a chance to learn about and even practice music and art. There have always been kids who feel incarcerated in school, but if you offer a wide enough variety of materials and subjects (and if they aren't so hungry that they can't pay attention; and if their home lives aren't so wretched they can't pay attention; and ...) there's a better chance of the individual finding that thing that excites them, or at least something to latch onto that they enjoy and maybe even can grow from.
What, really, are the viable alternatives?